3.27 – Second Term, Same as the Worst
Year(s) Discussed: 1803-1805
Jefferson’s second inauguration may have been a non-event, but on numerous fronts, various tensions were building in early 1805 that threatened to make his second term one to remember. Cabinet members plotted to further their own ambitions while Aaron Burr schemed with foreign powers and domestic discontents in order to return to prominence. Meanwhile, unbeknownst to the president, one of his appointments would put a double agent in place to potentially break the recently acquired Louisiana Purchase away from the US.
Special thanks to Roderick Aust for providing the intro quote for this episode, and be sure to check out the Zoom Shakespeare Company on Facebook! Special thanks also to our audio editor, Andrew Pfannkuche, for his work on this episode!
The transcript for this episode can be found here.
- “Adair, John (1757-1840).” Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/A000026. [Last Accessed: 24 Jan 2021]
- “An Act further providing for the government of the district of Louisiana.” A Century of Lawmaking for a New Nation: U.S. Congressional Documents and Debates, 1774-1875, Statutes at Large, 8th Congress, 2nd Session. 331. http://rs6.loc.gov/cgi-bin/ampage?collId=llsl&fileName=002/llsl002.db&recNum=368. [Last Accessed: 24 Jan 2021]
- Armstrong, Thom M. Politics, Diplomacy and Intrigue in the Early Republic: The Cabinet Career of Robert Smith 1801-1811. Dubuque, IA: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Co, 1991.
- Balinky, Alexander. Albert Gallatin: Fiscal Theories and Policies. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1958.
- Burwell, William Armistead. “To Thomas Jefferson, 29 November 1804,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-0742. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Burwell, William Armistead. “To Thomas Jefferson, 18 January 1805,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-1011. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Crackel, Theodore J. Jefferson’s Army: Political and Social Reform of the Military Establishment, 1801-1809. New York and London: New York University Press, 1987.
- “Crowninshield, Jacob (1770-1808).” Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/C000947. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Crowninshield, Jacob. “To Thomas Jefferson, 24 January 1805,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-1031. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Crowninshield, Jacob. “To Thomas Jefferson, 20 February 1805,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-1205. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Crowninshield, Jacob. “To Thomas Jefferson, 23 February 1805,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-1225. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Dungan, Nicholas. Gallatin: America’s Swiss Founding Father. New York & London: New York University Press, 2010.
- Gallatin, Albert. “To Thomas Jefferson, 18 January 1803,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01-39-02-0300. [Original source: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, vol. 39, 13 November 1802–3 March 1803, ed. Barbara B. Oberg. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012, pp. 344–347.] [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Gallatin, Albert. “To Thomas Jefferson, 3 January 1805,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-0939. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Harrison, William Henry. “To Thomas Jefferson, 24 June 1804,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01-43-02-0535. [Original source: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, vol. 43, 11 March–30 June 1804, ed. James P. McClure. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2017, pp. 640–642.] [Last Accessed: 24 Jan 2021]
- Jefferson, Thomas. “To William Henry Harrison, 27 February 1803,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/01-39-02-0500. [Original source: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, vol. 39, 13 November 1802–3 March 1803, ed. Barbara B. Oberg. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2012, pp. 589–593.] [Last Accessed: 24 Jan 2021]
- Jefferson, Thomas. “To Levi Lincoln, 28 December 1804,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-0905. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Jefferson, Thomas. “To Jacob Crowninshield, 26 January 1805,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-1045. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Jefferson, Thomas. “To William Armistead Burwell, 28 January 1805,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-1057. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Jefferson, Thomas. “To Jacob Crowninshield, 23 February 1805,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-1224. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Jefferson, Thomas. “4 March 1805, Inaugural Address.” Online by Gerhard Peters and John T. Woolley. The American Presidency Project. https://www.presidency.ucsb.edu/node/202013. [Last Accessed: 18 Jan 2021]
- Landry, Jerry. The Presidencies of the United States. 2017-2020. http://presidencies.blubrry.com.
- Lester, Malcolm. Anthony Merry Redivivus: A Reappraisal of the British Minister to the United States, 1803-6. Charlottesvile, VA: University Press of Virginia, 1978.
- Lincoln, Levi. “To Thomas Jefferson, 26 December 1804,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-0896. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Linklater, Andro. An Artist in Treason: The Extraordinary Double Life of General James Wilkinson. New York: Walker Publishing Co, 2009.
- Lomask, Milton. Aaron Burr: The Conspiracy and Years of Exile, 1805-1836. New York: Farrar Straus Giroux, 1982.
- “Lyon, Matthew (1749-1822).” Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. https://bioguide.congress.gov/search/bio/L000545. [Last Accessed: 25 Jan 2021]
- Malone, Dumas. Jefferson the President Second Term, 1805-1809: Jefferson and His Time, Volume Five. Boston: Little, Brown and Co, 1974.
- Mason, John T. “To Thomas Jefferson, 5 May 1814,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/03-07-02-0257. [Original source: The Papers of Thomas Jefferson, Retirement Series, vol. 7, 28 November 1813 to 30 September 1814, ed. J. Jefferson Looney. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010, pp. 347–348.] [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Owens, Robert M. Jefferson’s Hammer: William Henry Harrison and the Origins of American Indian Policy. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press, 2007.
- “SATURDAY,March 2, 1805.” Senate Executive Journal. Library of Congress. http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/hlaw:@field(DOCID+@lit(ej001836)):. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- Sheehan, Bernard W. Seeds of Extinction: Jeffersonian Philanthropy and the American Indian. New York: W W Norton & Co, 1974 [1973].
- Smith, Robert. “To Thomas Jefferson from Robert Smith, 2 January 1805,” Founders Online, National Archives, https://founders.archives.gov/documents/Jefferson/99-01-02-0936. [Last Accessed: 23 Jan 2021]
- White, Leonard D. The Jeffersonians: A Study in Administrative History 1801-1829. New York: The Macmillan Co, 1956 [1951].
Featured Image: “Thomas Jefferson” by Matthew Harris Jouett, courtesy of Wikipedia
Intro and Outro Music: Selections from “Jefferson and Liberty” as performed by The Itinerant Band